板蓝根种苗种植 吴先彬中药材种植基地

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板蓝根播种

1、选种：板蓝根的种子要选用前一年采收的，种皮上带有黑色的新种子。这样的种子成熟度好，发芽率能保证在95%以上。而且这样的种子播种后当年不会开花；而如果选择存放多年的种子，不仅发芽率低，而且容易当年开花，影响板蓝根的产量和质量。

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2、种子处理：种子选好后，为了提高板蓝根种子的发芽率，在播种前还要对种子进行处理。先将种子用清水浸泡12-24小时。这样一是可以去除混在板蓝根种子中的草屑和秕子，二是可以使板蓝根种子的种皮变软，利于出芽。浸泡后捞出晾干，这时就可以进行播种了。

3、播种时间：在板蓝根的种植过程中，对播种时间和播种方法都有严格的要求。先让我们了解一下播种的时间。对于春播的板蓝根，北方地区一般在4月上旬播种，南方地区可适当提前，但要求在当地气温稳定在12℃以上时才可播种，这样有利于根系深扎，延长生长期。

4、播种：播种前一周要浇1次透水，以保证板蓝根的种子发芽生根所需要的水分。板蓝根的播种方法很多，但常用的方法有条播和穴播两种 条播采用30厘米行距,播种量每亩在3千克左右；穴播采用30×20厘米或30×30厘米的行株距，用种量比较少，每亩在1.5-2千克之间。播种深度为3厘米，播种后再覆盖一层细土、覆土，厚度在1厘米左右， 在畦面覆盖地膜保湿。由于春季风大，为了防止风将地膜吹起，地膜覆盖到畦面上后，除了四周要用土压严外，在膜的中央也要压土。在这里要注意的是由于板蓝根的种子出苗顶土力弱，因此要在两播种沟之间压土，以免影响种子的发芽。

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